DNA : A Genetic Material

DNA: A Genetic Material

DNA provides genetic instructions for the biological production of all cell life types and several viruses. DNA functions as genetic material and is used to store genetic information of organic life-form. DNA encodes the sequence of amino acid residues in proteins using the genetic code, the triplet nucleotide code.

For all currently known living organisms, the genetic material is almost exclusively DNA, some viruses use RNA as their genetic material.

The first genetic material is commonly assumed to be RNA, initially expressed by self-replicating RNA molecules that float on water bodies. This hypothesis phase in cell life is called the world of RNAs.

However, as proteins that form enzymes came into being, a more stable molecule, DNA became the dominant genetic material, a condition continues today. This is focused on the capacity of the RNA, which can be both genetic material and catalysis, or ribosome.

The double-stranded existence of DNA not only enables the correction of mutation but also makes RNA unstable. In the form of messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and RNA transfer, modern ceils mainly use RNA to create protection from DNA instructions.

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